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指導(dǎo):托福寫(xiě)作中常出現(xiàn)的小錯(cuò)誤
指導(dǎo):托福寫(xiě)作中常出現(xiàn)的小錯(cuò)誤

2012-01-29 09:25:12 | 來(lái)源:滬江英語(yǔ)
 

??? 關(guān)于TOEFL寫(xiě)作相信大家都買(mǎi)了不少參考書(shū),并且背誦了不少好段子,但是有的考生依舊作文不理想,究其原因在寫(xiě)作時(shí)可能不太在意,好了,讓我們看看專家怎么評(píng)點(diǎn)TOEFL寫(xiě)作中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤的,大家也要引以為戒,爭(zhēng)取不犯類似錯(cuò)誤。

  1. 結(jié)構(gòu)不平行例:I was able to raise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books。當(dāng)使用連詞將一系列的單詞聯(lián)接起來(lái)的時(shí)候,應(yīng)當(dāng)使用詞性相同或同一類型的短語(yǔ)。

  2. 不知所云例:Many companies began using computers mouth。

  3. 段落過(guò)長(zhǎng),不分段主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞一致問(wèn)題:She are a good friend of mine that I has known for a long time。主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞在數(shù)方面不一致。

  4. 句子別扭:We heated the soup in the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed。措辭過(guò)長(zhǎng)或不清。換言之,句子顯得滑稽可笑。

  5. 不要使用縮寫(xiě)在正式的寫(xiě)作中不要使用縮寫(xiě)形式(can't,don't,it's,we'll,they've等等),而應(yīng)當(dāng)使用單詞的完整理式(cannot,do not,it is,we will,they have等等)。

  6. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)重復(fù):Since I want to go to a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores。不能在該句的主要主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~前使用連詞。

  7. 句子不完整:Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to getsintoscollege. For example, my friend in high school。句子沒(méi)有主要主語(yǔ)或主要?jiǎng)釉~,因?yàn)槠鋵?shí)它應(yīng)是一個(gè)從句。這是一個(gè)非常常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤,修改的方法是將兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)。

  8. 不要使用:get When I got home, I got tired, so I got a book and gotsintosbed. Get太不正式,意思也過(guò)于含糊,不適合用在正式的場(chǎng)合。應(yīng)將get改為一個(gè)更加具體的單詞,如become, receive, find, achieve,等等。

  9. 書(shū)寫(xiě)難以辨認(rèn)信息不正確:I would like to study in America because all modern technology originated there。傳的信息不正確,或者讓人聽(tīng)起來(lái)覺(jué)得可能不正確(如果確實(shí)是正確的,應(yīng)當(dāng)解釋為什么這樣,因?yàn)樽x者不認(rèn)為是正確的)。上述例句中,all的意思是百分之百;我們不能絕對(duì)地說(shuō)每一件新東西都是從美國(guó)誕生的。為保險(xiǎn)起見(jiàn),應(yīng)當(dāng)使用many或most。非英語(yǔ)單詞Computers are very helpful and advantageable。盡管看起來(lái)象個(gè)單詞,其實(shí)不是,至少不是個(gè)英文單詞。使用這個(gè)單詞的另一種形式。

  10. 介詞多余:I would like to discuss about something important that you mentioned about to me during yesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came to the US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate never mentioned about her husband。在表示這種意思時(shí)此單詞不能與介詞連用。這種情況常見(jiàn)于downtown,home,there,here等詞。這些詞語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中是副詞而非名詞,因而不能在它們前面添加介詞。

  11. 跑題或不相關(guān):There are many reasons to buy a car, preferably a nice car。這個(gè)意思與okay for children to fail sometimes。所表達(dá)的意思很普通大多數(shù)人都已經(jīng)知道到了,因而就沒(méi)有必要再說(shuō)出來(lái)。

  12. 標(biāo)點(diǎn)問(wèn)題:I love animals. And I like to help them. Because they are helpless. So I want to become a vet。這是一個(gè)非常普遍的問(wèn)題!許多學(xué)生在句子中使用了太多的句號(hào),尤其是當(dāng)他們用手寫(xiě)的時(shí)候。

  13. 重復(fù)冗余:Personally, I believe what the newspaper prints。一種意思的表述不止一次,或者某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)不必要。

  14. 單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù):Many year ago, dinosaur roamed the Earths。單詞需要從單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),或者由復(fù)數(shù)變成單數(shù)。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不能單獨(dú)使用,應(yīng)該將其變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式或者加上限定詞(a, the, my, his, her, Gary’s, no, any, 1, 3, 50, most,等等)。

  15. 拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或賓語(yǔ)有問(wèn)題:I want to buy something for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accident happen yesterday。句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)有問(wèn)題,缺少主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或賓語(yǔ),或者這些成分重復(fù)。

  16. 語(yǔ)氣與文章不符:I was kind of mad at the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderful things about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kong and I would love to visit these cities to check them out。語(yǔ)氣與文章其他部分不相符可能是過(guò)于正式或者太不正式。

  17. 代詞指代不明:If people do not speak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend to complete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there。代詞所指代的指示詞(介詞所代替的名詞)不清楚。

  18. 過(guò)于籠統(tǒng):We should use our resources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse. 句子或它所表達(dá)的意思過(guò)于籠統(tǒng),不能提供多少信息。

  19. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤:Yesterday I will go to the store because tomorrow I needed some food。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不正確檢查一下是應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)還是完成時(shí)等等。

  20. 選詞不恰當(dāng):I was late getting home because I lost my way。在這種情況下不應(yīng)該使用該詞可選擇更好的詞語(yǔ)或者所使用的詞語(yǔ)與文章的總體語(yǔ)氣不符。

  21. 單詞形式不當(dāng):I want to creation a great web site so that I can becoming wealth。所使用的單詞的形式不正確檢查一下應(yīng)該使用該詞的名詞、形容詞或副詞形式的哪一種。

  22. 用詞錯(cuò)誤:Even I don't speak Spanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department store. I gained a lot of pounds during vacation。用詞錯(cuò)誤或在此種情況下該詞不是最佳用詞。

  以上是列舉出的TOEFL寫(xiě)作中需要避免的22個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,希望大家引以為戒,在備考TOEFL寫(xiě)作時(shí)加以練習(xí),反復(fù)檢查更改,盡量把問(wèn)題當(dāng)時(shí)找出來(lái)并能在沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法用句錯(cuò)誤的前提下為自己的文章“添肉”,這里的“添肉”指的是打好基礎(chǔ)了就可以用些經(jīng)典句來(lái)添彩。

責(zé)任編輯:孫艷艷